Introduction
This is the central place for hyphenation patterns in TEX. They are all bundled in a single package called hyph-utf8.
For pattern authors
If you are a pattern author and wish to update your patterns, please contact the hyph-utf8 package maintainers through the tex-hyphen mailing list .
Documentation
Algorithm
Papers
- Documentation (needs improvement)
- Documentation for the Lua(La)TEX part of the package
- TUG 2008 paper
- TUG 2016 paper
- The latest public hyphenation exception log from TUGboat, volume 36 (2015), no. 1
Slides
- TEX hyphenation applied to HTML (Mathias Nater, BachoTEX 2010)
Related packages
- Babel (pdf; 624KB) – for pdfTEX and other 8-bit TEX engines
- Polyglossia (pdf: 133KB) – for XƎTEX and LuaTEX
Links
Collaboration
- Mozilla
- FOP XML Hyphenation patterns (Simon Pepping)
- TEX-Hyphen-Pattern (Perl implementation on CPAN (Roland von Ipenburg)
- Hyphenator.js (Client-side implementation of hyphenation in HTML documents) (Mathias Nater)
OpenOffice.org
- Test TEX/OpenOffice hyphenation algorithm online (based on hunspell)
- Using TEX hyphenation patterns in OpenOffice.org (explains how to properly convert TEX patterns into OpenOffice-friendly form)
Other external links
- Hunspell (library)
- Open Office language extensions
- text-hyphen (rubyforge); (source code repository)
- TEX Hyphenator in Java
- Knuth-Liang Hyphenation for Haskell
- Indic languages:
- An article about the soft hyphen
- TEX line breaking algorithm in JavaScript
Languages
The list of supported languages is in the table below. Note that German and Spanish have additional documentation in a separate file.
(if patterns for any other language exist and are missing below please let us know)
| name, synonyms | BCP 47 tag (link to file) | (left, right)hyphenmin | 8-bitencoding | licence | authors | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afrikaans | afrikaans | af | (1, 2) | LPPL | Tilla Fick Chris Swanepoel |
|
| Ancient Greek | ancient greek | grc | (, ) | LPPL | Dimitrios Filippou | |
| Armenian | armenian | hy | (, ) | LGPL | Sahak Petrosyan | |
| Assamese | assamese | as | (, ) | MIT, LGPL, GPL | Santhosh Thottingal | |
| Bahasa Indonesia, Indonesian | bahasa indonesia, indonesian | id | (2, 2) | GPL | Jörg Knappen Terry Mart |
|
| Basque | basque | eu | (, ) | custom | Juan M. Aguirregabiria | |
| Belarusian | belarusian | be | (2, 2) | MIT | Maksim Salau | |
| Bengali | bengali | bn | (, ) | MIT, LGPL, GPL | Santhosh Thottingal | |
| Bulgarian | bulgarian | bg | (2, 2) | custom | Anton Zinoviev | |
| Catalan | catalan | ca | (2, 2) | LPPL | Gonçal Badenes Francina Turon |
|
| Church Slavonic | church slavonic | cu | (, ) | MIT | Aleksandr Andreev Mike Kroutikov |
|
| Classical Latin | classical latin | la-x-classic | (, ) | MIT, LPPL | Claudio Beccari | |
| Coptic | coptic | cop | (, ) | custom | Claudio Beccari | |
| Croatian | croatian | hr | (, ) | LPPL, custom | Igor Marinović | |
| Czech | czech | cs | (2, 2) | GPL | Pavel Ševeček | |
| Danish | danish | da | (, ) | LPPL, MIT | Frank Jensen | |
| Dutch | dutch | nl | (, ) | LPPL | ||
| English, American spelling | english, american spelling | en-us | (, ) | custom | Gerard D.C. Kuiken | |
| English, British spelling | english, british spelling | en-gb | (, ) | custom | Dominik Wujastyk Graham Toal |
|
| Esperanto | esperanto | eo | (2, 2) | LPPL | Sergei B. Pokrovsky | |
| Estonian | estonian | et | (, ) | MIT, LPPL | Enn Saar | |
| Finnish | finnish | fi | (, ) | custom | Kauko Saarinen | |
| French | french | fr | (, ) | MIT | Daniel Flipo Bernard Gaulle Arthur Reutenauer |
|
| Friulan | friulan | fur | (, ) | MIT, LPPL | Claudio Beccari | |
| Galician | galician | gl | (, ) | LPPL | Javier A. Múgica | |
| Georgian | georgian | ka | (1, 2) | LPPL | Levan Shoshiashvili | |
| German, reformed spelling | german, reformed spelling | de-1996 | (2, 2) | MIT | Deutschsprachige Trennmustermannschaft | |
| German, traditional Swiss spelling | german, traditional swiss spelling | de-ch-1901 | (2, 2) | MIT | Deutschsprachige Trennmustermannschaft | |
| German, traditional spelling | german, traditional spelling | de-1901 | (2, 2) | MIT | Deutschsprachige Trennmustermannschaft | |
| Gujarati | gujarati | gu | (, ) | MIT, LGPL, GPL | Santhosh Thottingal | |
| Hindi | hindi | hi | (, ) | MIT, LGPL, GPL | Santhosh Thottingal | |
| Hungarian | hungarian | hu | (, ) | MPL, GPL, LGPL | Bence Nagy | |
| Icelandic | icelandic | is | (, ) | LPPL | Jörgen Pind | |
| Interlingua | interlingua | ia | (, ) | LPPL | Peter Kleiweg | |
| Irish | irish | ga | (, ) | GPL, MIT | Kevin P. Scannell | |
| Italian | italian | it | (, ) | LPPL, MIT | Claudio Beccari | |
| Kannada | kannada | kn | (, ) | MIT, LGPL, GPL | Santhosh Thottingal | |
| Kurmanji, Northern Kurdish | kurmanji, northern kurdish | kmr | (, ) | LPPL | Jörg Knappen Medeni Shemdê |
|
| Latin | latin | la | (, ) | MIT, LPPL | Claudio Beccari | |
| Latvian | latvian | lv | (, ) | LGPL, GPL | Janis Vilims | |
| Lithuanian | lithuanian | lt | (, ) | MIT | Vytas Statulevičius Sigitas Tolušis Yannis Haralambous |
|
| Liturgical Latin | liturgical latin | la-x-liturgic | (, ) | MIT | Claudio Beccari Monastery of Solesmes Élie Roux |
|
| Malayalam | malayalam | ml | (, ) | MIT, LGPL, GPL | Santhosh Thottingal | |
| Mandarin Chinese, pinyin transliteration | mandarin chinese, pinyin transliteration | zh-latn-pinyin | (, ) | GPL | Werner Lemberg | |
| Marathi | marathi | mr | (, ) | MIT, LGPL, GPL | Santhosh Thottingal | |
| Modern Greek, monotonic spelling | modern greek, monotonic spelling | el-monoton | (, ) | LPPL | Dimitrios Filippou | |
| Modern Greek, polytonic spelling | modern greek, polytonic spelling | el-polyton | (, ) | LPPL | Dimitrios Filippou | |
| Mongolian, Cyrillic script | mongolian, cyrillic script | mn-cyrl | (, ) | LPPL, MIT | Dorjgotov Batmunkh | |
| Mongolian, Cyrillic script, alternative patterns | mongolian, cyrillic script, alternative patterns | mn-cyrl-x-lmc | (, ) | custom | Oliver Corff Dorjpalam Dorj |
|
| Occitan | occitan | oc | (, ) | MIT, LPL | Claudio Beccari | |
| Odia, Oriya | odia, oriya | or | (, ) | MIT, LGPL, GPL | Santhosh Thottingal | |
| Panjabi, Punjabi | panjabi, punjabi | pa | (, ) | MIT, LGPL, GPL | Santhosh Thottingal | |
| Piedmontese | piedmontese | pms | (, ) | MIT, LPPL | Claudio Beccari | |
| Polish | polish | pl | (, ) | MIT, custom | Hanna Kołodziejska Bogusław Jackowski Marek Ryćko |
|
| Portuguese | portuguese | pt | (, ) | BSD 3-clause licence | Pedro J. de Rezende J. Joao Dias Almeida |
|
| Pāli | pāli | pi | (1, 2) | MIT | Wie-Ming Cittānurakkho Bhikkhu | |
| Romanian | romanian | ro | (2, 2) | custom | Adrian Rezus | |
| Romansh | romansh | rm | (, ) | MIT, LPPL | Claudio Beccari | |
| Russian | russian | ru | (, ) | LPPL | Alexander I. Lebedev | |
| Sanskrit | sanskrit | sa | (, ) | custom | Yves Codet | |
| Serbian, Cyrillic script | serbian, cyrillic script | sr-cyrl | (, ) | GPL | Dejan Muhamedagić Aleksandar Jelenak |
|
| Serbocroatian, Cyrillic script | serbocroatian, cyrillic script | sh-cyrl | (2, 2) | LPPL | Dejan Muhamedagić | |
| Serbocroatian, Latin script | serbocroatian, latin script | sh-latn | (2, 2) | LPPL | Dejan Muhamedagić | |
| Slovak | slovak | sk | (, ) | GPL | Jana Chlebíková | |
| Slovenian | slovenian | sl | (2, 3) | LPPL, MIT | Matjaž Vrečko | |
| Spanish | spanish | es | (, ) | MIT/X11 | Javier Bezos | |
| Swedish | swedish | sv | (, ) | LPPL | Jan Michael Rynning | |
| Tamil | tamil | ta | (, ) | MIT, LGPL, GPL | Santhosh Thottingal | |
| Telugu | telugu | te | (, ) | MIT, LGPL, GPL | Santhosh Thottingal | |
| Thai | thai | th | (, ) | LPPL | Theppitak Karoonboonyanan | |
| Turkish | turkish | tr | (, ) | LPPL | Pierre A. MacKay H. Turgut Uyar S. Ekin Kocabas |
|
| Turkmen | turkmen | tk | (, ) | MIT | Nazar Annagurban | |
| Ukrainian | ukrainian | uk | (, ) | LPPL | Maksym Polyakov | |
| Upper Sorbian | upper sorbian | hsb | (, ) | LPPL | Eduard Werner | |
| Welsh | welsh | cy | (, ) | LPPL, MIT | Yannis Haralambous |